Description: Using Cpf1 (a.k.a. Cas12a) in your CRISPR experiment offers several advantages over other CRISPR-associated nucleases.;

• Due to the T-rich PAM sequence (TTTN), Cpf1 enables editing in regions unable to be targeted by Cas9.
• Cpf1 can be used with a shorter guide RNA (called crRNA) than Cas9.
• Cpf1 creates a staggered cut in dsDNA instead of a blunt cut.
• Cpf1 cuts distal to the PAM sequence, which may allow for multiple rounds of cleavage.
fnCpf1 is from the bacteria Francisella novicida. This protein contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization signal (NLS) on the N-terminus of the protein. If the cut caused by fnCpf1 is repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), an indel may be formed that disrupts the open reading frame of the targeted gene, leading to gene knockout. Alternatively, by supplying a repair template, a sequence can be knocked in at the cleavage site via homology directed repair (HDR).

Description: Using Cpf1 (a.k.a. Cas12a) in your CRISPR experiment offers several advantages over other CRISPR-associated nucleases. ;

• Due to the T-rich PAM sequence (TTTN), Cpf1 enables editing in regions unable to be targeted by Cas9.
• Cpf1 can be used with a shorter guide RNA (called crRNA) than Cas9.
• Cpf1 creates a staggered cut in dsDNA instead of a blunt cut.
• Cpf1 cuts distal to the PAM sequence, which may allow for multiple rounds of cleavage.
asCpf1 is from the bacteria Acidaminococcus. This protein contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization signal (NLS) on the N-terminus of the protein. If the cut caused by asCpf1 is repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), an indel may be formed that disrupts the open reading frame of the targeted gene, leading to gene knockout. Alternatively, by supplying a repair template, a sequence can be knocked in at the cleavage site via homology directed repair (HDR).

Description: The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is the latest RNA-guided endonuclease tool in genome editing which allows for very specific genomic disruption and replacement. ;;The Cas9 nuclease serves to unwind the genomic DNA duplex next to conserved protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs) and homes in on its target sequence, which is recognized by a complementary single-guide RNA. The resulting double-stranded break gets repaired by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, leading to a disruption in the open reading frame of the targeted gene. Alternatively, by supplying a suitable repair template, virtually any desired point mutation can be introduced at the break point via homology-directed repair (HDR).;;The Cas9 nuclease from the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, abbreviated saCas9, is gaining popularity as an alternative to spCas9 due to its relatively smaller size. The saCas9 PAM sequence is 5’-NNGRRN (preferably 5’-NNGRRT). saCas9 Nuclease NLS contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization sequence (NLS) on the C-terminus of the protein.

Description: The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is the latest RNA-guided, endonuclease tool in genome editing which allows for very specific genomic disruption and replacement. ;;The Cas9 Null Mutant Protein is created by mutating both cleavage domains of the wild type Cas9 (D10A and H840A). Such a Cas9 protein retains its ability to bind to genomic DNA through gRNA:genomic DNA base pairing, however, unlike Cas9 Nuclease and Cas9 Nickase, where permanent gene disruption can be achieved, the Cas9 Null Mutant does not introduce any genome modifications. Therefore, this protein can provide a useful negative control for CRISPR experiments. In addition, binding of the Null Mutant can act as a roadblock to hinder transcription, thus offering a useful tool to achieve reversible knock-down of gene expression.;;The Cas9 nuclease from the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, abbreviated spCas9, is the most commonly used Cas9 variant. The reason for spCas9 popularity is two-fold. First the spCas9 PAM sequence is 5’-NGG, which is highly abundant in the genome allowing virtually any gene to be targeted. The spCas9 enzyme also has on average a higher efficiency in vivo compared to other variants. Cas9 Null Mutant NLS contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization sequence (NLS) on the C-terminus of the protein.

Description: The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is the latest RNA-guided, endonuclease tool in genome editing which allows for very specific genomic disruption and replacement. ;The Cas9 nuclease serves to unwind the genomic DNA duplex next to conserved protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs) and homes in on its target sequence, which is recognized by a complementary single-guide RNA. The resulting double-stranded break gets repaired by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, leading to a disruption in the open reading frame of the targeted gene. Alternatively, by supplying a suitable repair template, virtually any desired point mutation can be introduced at the break point via homology-directed repair (HDR). ;The Cas9 from the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, abbreviated spCas9, is the most commonly used Cas9 variant. ;The fusion of Cas9 Nuclease NLS to GFP allows for visual confirmation of transfection as well as subsequent verification of Cas9 clearance from the cells. Cas9 Nuclease-GFP can also be used for FACS applications and screening. Cas9 Nuclease-GFP NLS contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization sequence (NLS) on the C-terminus of the protein. Our Cas9-GFP proteins have the Enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP).

Description: The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is the latest RNA-guided, endonuclease tool in genome editing which allows for very specific genomic disruption and replacement. One concern with the current CRISPR Cas9 technology is the potential off-target effects of the Cas9 nuclease. ;;To counteract off-target mutagenic effects of this system, the Cas9 Nickase D10A was developed with a D10A mutation in its RuvC1 nuclease domain. Unlike the Cas9 nuclease, this mutant form generates a single-stranded nick instead of a double-strand break (DSB). Because a single DNA nick is quickly repaired with high fidelity by the cellular machinery, the system requires two closely juxtaposed nicks in order to trigger the same genomic disruption as the Cas9 nuclease. This effectively boosts the recognition sequence to 40 instead of 20 nucleotides, and, as a result, off-target effects become highly unlikely. Thus, the double-nickase CRISPR system offers unparalleled specificity to satisfy even the most stringent of experimental requirements.;;The Cas9 nuclease from the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, abbreviated spCas9, is the most commonly used Cas9 variant. The reason for spCas9 popularity is two-fold. First, the spCas9 PAM sequence is 5’-NGG, which is highly abundant in the genome allowing virtually any gene to be targeted. The spCas9 enzyme also has on average a higher efficiency in vivo compared to other variants. Cas9 D10A Nickase NLS contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization sequence (NLS) on the C-terminus of the protein.

Description: The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is the latest RNA-guided, endonuclease tool in genome editing which allows for very specific genomic disruption and replacement. One concern with the current CRISPR Cas9 technology is the potential off-target effects of the Cas9 nuclease. ;;To improve the off-target mutagenic effects of this system, the Cas9 Nickase H840A Protein was developed with a H840A mutation in its HNH-like nuclease domain. Unlike the Cas9 nuclease, this mutant form generates a single-stranded nick instead of a double-strand break (DSB). Because a single DNA nick is quickly repaired with high fidelity by the cellular machinery, the system requires two closely juxtaposed nicks in order to trigger the same genomic disruption as the Cas9 nuclease. This effectively boosts the recognition sequence to 40 instead of 20 nucleotides, and, as a result, off-target effects become highly unlikely. Thus, the double-nickase CRISPR system offers unparalleled specificity to satisfy even the most stringent of experimental requirements.;;The Cas9 nuclease from the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes, abbreviated spCas9, is the most commonly used Cas9 variant. The reason for spCas9 popularity is two-fold. First, the spCas9 PAM sequence is 5’-NGG, which is highly abundant in the genome allowing virtually any gene to be targeted. The spCas9 enzyme also has on average a higher efficiency in vivo compared to other variants. Cas9 H840 Nickase NLS contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization sequence (NLS) on the C-terminus of the protein.Streptococcus pyogenes, abbreviated spCas9, is the most commonly used Cas9 variant. The reason for spCas9 popularity is two-fold. First, the spCas9 PAM sequence is 5’-NGG, which is highly abundant in the genome allowing virtually any gene to be targeted. The spCas9 enzyme also has on average a higher efficiency in vivo compared to other variants. Cas9 H840 Nickase NLS contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization sequence (NLS) on the C-terminus of the protein.

Description: The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is the latest RNA-guided, endonuclease tool in genome editing which allows for very specific genomic disruption and replacement. ;;The saCas9 Null Mutant Protein is created by mutating both cleavage domains of the wild type saCas9. Such a saCas9 protein retains its ability to bind to genomic DNA through gRNA:genomic DNA base pairing, however, the saCas9 Null Mutant does not introduce any genome modifications. Therefore, this protein can provide a useful negative control for CRISPR experiments. In addition, binding of the Null Mutant can act as a roadblock to hinder transcription, thus offering a useful tool to achieve reversible knock-down of gene expression.;; The Cas9 nuclease from the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, abbreviated saCas9, is gaining popularity as an alternative to spCas9 due to its relatively smaller size. The saCas9 PAM sequence is 5’-NNGRRN (preferably 5’-NNGRRT). saCas9 NLS Null Mutant contains a SV40 T antigen nuclear localization sequence (NLS) on the C-terminus of the protein.